Bark and Ambrosia Beetles of

SYNONYMY

• Pycnarthrum pallidum (Chapuis 1869) Synopsis des Scolytides: 41
• Nemobius pallidus Chapuis 1869. Synopsis des Scolytides: 41
• Pycnarthrum reticulatum Schedl 1940. An. Esc. Nal.Cien. Nat., IPN 1(3-4): 355
• Pycnarthrum fici Wood 1971. Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. Biol. Ser. 15(3): 11

DISTRIBUTION.

Numbers in parentheses after each geographic unit are the number of distinct collection events in the database for that unit. For exotic species generally only countries are listed for localities outside the New World. For further information on published sources of distribution, check the REFERENCES section.

• Central America (18)
  Belize (1): Orange Walk (1); Costa Rica (1): Puntarenas (1); Guatemala (5): Escuintla (1), Petén (1), Suchitepequez (3); Honduras (3): Atlántida (1), El Paraíso (1), Yoro (1); Nicaragua (1): Estelí (1); Panamá (7): Chiriquí (1), Colón (1), Darién (1), Panamá (4);
• Caribbean (4)
  Jamaica (3): no state / prov. data (3); Lesser Antilles (1): Guadeloupe (1);
• North America (23)
  México (23): Baja California Sur (2), Campeche (3), Chiapas (2), Jalisco (7), Oaxaca (1), Quintana Roo (2), Sinaloa (1), Tabasco (1), Veracruz (4);
• South America (9)
  Bolivia (4): Santa Cruz (4); Brazil (1): unknown (1); Perú (1): Loreto (1); Trinidad and Tobago (2): Trinidad (2); Venezuela (1): Zulia (1);

HOSTS

Numbers in parentheses after each host family, genus, or collection method are the number of distinct collection events in the database for that host or method.

• No host information (15);
• Moraceae (6): Brosimum (1): alicastrum (1); Ficus (5): sp. (5);
• trap (33) car net (1): no details (1); light (32): no details (7), mercury vapor + UV (4), ultraviolet (20), umbellata (1);

REFERENCES

The following are important recent monographs, catalogs, and supplements to catalogs that refer to this species. The specific page on which the reference is made is shown in pink at the end of the reference. In the case of Wood (1982) and Wood & Bright (1992) clicking on the reference page will link to a digital version of the work in question.

• Wood, S.L. 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 6:1-1356. [457]. (data capture complete)
• Wood, S.L., Bright,D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2. Taxonomic Index. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 13:1-1553 (vol. A, B). [385]
• Wood, S.L. 2007. Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Monte L. Bean Sci. Mus.,Provo, Utah. 900 pp. [244]. (data capture complete)

The following are references from which host and distribution data have been input into the database. If one of the above monographs or catalogs also appears in this list, it means that most relevant collection event data have been included.

1. . . .
2. Bright, D.E. 1982. Studies on West Indian Scolytidae (Coleoptera) 2. New distribution records and descriptions of a new genus and species. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 17: 163-168.
3. Bright, D.E.; Skidmore, R.S. 1997. A Catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Supplement 1 (1990-1994). A Catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Supplement 1 (1990-1994): -.
4. Wood, S.L. 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 6: 1-1356.
5. Wood, S.L. 2007. Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Monte L. Bean Science Museum. Provo, Utah: 1-900.
6. Wood, S.L.; Bright, D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2. Taxonomic Index (Volumes A,B). Great Basin Nat. Mem. 13: 1-1553.

Maps automatically open at the center of the plotted points and the scale is set to encompass all map points. Maps can be resized (scale bar at upper left) and the center moved (place cursor over map and drag) to see other parts of the distribution of the species. Clicking on a map marker will pull up collection event data and a literature citation if present. If any errors are found, please refer to the "series code" which is a unique identifier for a database record in any communications). Coordinates have not been entered for all collection records. Localities outside the New World are not plotted, even though they are listed in the distribution summary and in the table of records.

No.	Collection data	Publication
Central America
1->	Belize, Orange Walk, La Milpa Field Stat.; 23/V/1997; Moseley, V.L.; trap: light mercury vapor + UV	[LSAM (1) (TH Atkinson-2013, unpublished)]
2->	Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Chacarta; 9/XII/2012; Schulke; Grunberg; trap: car net	[UTIC (1) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
3->	Guatemala, Escuintla, Finca Chilcas; 5/XII/2020; Zack, R.S.; trap: light	[WSU (1) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
4->	Guatemala, Petén, El Remate, ENE; 13/III/2017; Zack, R.S.; trap: light	[WSU (1) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
5->	Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Cuyotenango; 10/IV/1965; Campbell, J.M.	[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 457)]
6->	Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Finca Los Tarrales; 16/VII/2016; Zack, R.S.; trap: light	[WSU (4) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
7->	Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Finca Los Tarrales, Volcán Atitlan; 9/VI/2012; Heppner, J.B.	[FSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2024, unpublished)]
8->	Honduras, Atlántida, La Ceiba; 26/VIII/1949; Becker, E.C.; trap: light	[USNM (1: allotype, female) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 457) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)] [USNM (40: paratype(s)) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)]
9->	Honduras, El Paraíso, Yuscarán; 18/V/1995; Turnbow, R.H.; trap: light mercury vapor + UV	[RHTC (1) (TH Atkinson-2008, unpublished)]
10->	Honduras, Yoro, Olanchito; 21/VI/1949; Becker, E.C.; trap: light	[USNM (1: holotype, male) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 457) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)] [USNM (4: paratype(s)) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)]
11->	Nicaragua, Estelí, Res. Nat. Miraflor; 15/III/2009; Atkinson, T.H.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.	[TAMU (5) (TH Atkinson-2011, unpublished)] [UTIC (4) (TH Atkinson-2011, unpublished)] [UNAC (4) (TH Atkinson-2013, unpublished)]
12->	Panamá, Chiriquí, Reserva La Fortuna, Finca la Suiza; 24/V/1993; Riley, E.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[EGRC (1) (TH Atkinson-2012, unpublished)]
13->	Panamá, Colón, Sabanitas, 2 km S; 15/VII/1999; Gillogly, A.R.; trap: light ultraviolet	[TAMU (2) (TH Atkinson-2019, unpublished)]
14->	Panamá, Darién, Cerro Pirre; 3/VI/2015; Riley, E.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[TAMU (2) (TH Atkinson-2019, unpublished)]
15->	Panamá, Panamá, Barro Colorado Isl.; 27/VII/1924; Banks, N.	[MCZ (1) (TH Atkinson-1988, unpublished)]
16->	Panamá, Panamá, Cerro Campana; 3/XI/1969; Stockwell, H.A.	[TAMU (1) (TH Atkinson-2019, unpublished)]
17->	Panamá, Panamá, El Llano-Cartí Rd., Buryabar Lodge; 7/VIII/2011; Riley, E.G.; Riley, M.L.; trap: light umbellata	[EGRC (1) (TH Atkinson-2012, unpublished)]
18->	Panamá, Panamá, Isla Barro Colorado; 20/IX/1977; Wolda, H.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CWOB () (Atkinson, T.H.; Equihua M., A. 1988: 100)]
Caribbean
19->	Jamaica, no state / prov. data, Mandeville; 23/X/1973; Chapin, J.B.	[LSAM (1) (TH Atkinson-1988, unpublished)]
20->	Jamaica, no state / prov. data, Mandeville; 2/VII/1970; trap: light ultraviolet	[BMNH (1) (Bright, D.E. 1982: 164)]
21->	Jamaica, no state / prov. data, Trinityville; 28/XI/1937; Chapin; Blackwelder	[USNM (1) (Bright, D.E. 1982: 164)]
22->	Lesser Antilles, Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe	[IRSNB (2: syntype(s), male) (Wood, S.L.; Bright, D.E. 1992: 675) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)]
North America
23->	México, Baja California Sur, 8.4 mi W hwy 1 on ramal a Los Naranjos; 13/IX/1988; Riley, E.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[TAMU (2) (TH Atkinson-2003, unpublished)]
24->	México, Baja California Sur, 9.4 mi W hwy 1 on ramal a San Felipe; 10/IX/1988; Riley, E.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[TAMU (1) (TH Atkinson-2003, unpublished)]
25->	México, Campeche, Campo de Investigación Forestal 'El Tormento'; 28/II/1984; Estrada V., A.; Moraceae: Brosimum alicastrum	[CEAM (4) (Estrada V., A, Atkinson, T.H. 1989: 205) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
26->	México, Campeche, Cd. Campeche; 9/VIII/1979; O'Brien, L.B.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CWOB () (Estrada V., A, Atkinson, T.H. 1989: 205)]
27->	México, Campeche, El Remate; 26/IV/1982; García, M.	[CNIN (1) (TH Atkinson-2018, unpublished)]
28->	México, Chiapas, Palenque, 12.2 km S; 30/IX/1986; Turnbow, R.H.; trap: light mercury vapor + UV	[RHTC (1) (TH Atkinson-1988, unpublished)]
29->	México, Chiapas, Tonalá; 30/VII/1932; Dampf, A.	[NMW (1: lectotype, female) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 457) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)]
30->	México, Jalisco, Autlan, 20 mi SW; 13/VII/1982; Andrews, F.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2014, unpublished)]
31->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 7/III/1982; Equihua M., A.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.	[CEAM (5) (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)] [DGSV (2) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
32->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 2/VII/1982; Equihua M., A.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CEAM (3) (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)] [TAMU (33) (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625)]
33->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 21/VIII/1982; Moraceae: Ficus sp.	[CEAM () (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
34->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 12/X/1982; trap: light ultraviolet	[CEAM (1) (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
35->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 14/XI/1982; trap: light ultraviolet	[CEAM (2) (Equihua M., A.; Atkinson, T.H. 1986: 625) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
36->	México, Jalisco, Chamela; 20/VIII/1982; Equihua M., A.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CEAM (1) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
37->	México, Oaxaca, Temascal; 30/X/1985; Prado B., E.; Valdéz C., J.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CEAM (1) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
38->	México, Quintana Roo, Cancun, 11 mi S; 2/IX/1974; Fisher, E.M.	[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2014, unpublished)]
39->	México, Quintana Roo, Puerto Morelos; 1/V/1982; Ibarra, L.A.	[CNIN () (Atkinson, T.H.; Equihua M., A. 1988: 100)]
40->	México, Sinaloa, Soquitlán, 5.3 mi SW; 30/VI/1982; Andrews, F.G.; trap: light ultraviolet	[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2014, unpublished)]
41->	México, Tabasco, Teapa, 3 mi NE; 20/VII/1965; Fisher, E.M.	[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2014, unpublished)]
42->	México, Veracruz, Acayucan, 36 mi S; 5/VII/1971; Clark; Murray; Hart; Schaffner, J.C.; trap: light	[TAMU (1) (TH Atkinson-1989, unpublished)]
43->	México, Veracruz, Camino Barro Sontecomapan; 1/VII/2021; Atkinson, T.H.	[UTIC (2) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
44->	México, Veracruz, Camino Barro Sontecomapan; 1/VII/2021; Atkinson, T.H.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.	[UTIC (2) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
45->	México, Veracruz, Sontecomapan, 4 mi NW; 9/VI/1965; Burke, H.R.; trap: light	[TAMU (1) (TH Atkinson-1988, unpublished)]
South America
46->	Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buena Vista, 3.7 km SSE, Hotel Flora & Fauna; 5/XI/2001; Thomas, M.C.; trap: light ultraviolet	[FSCA (3) (TH Atkinson-2024, unpublished)]
47->	Bolivia, Santa Cruz, El Cairo; 16/X/2004; Eger, J.E.; trap: light ultraviolet	[FSCA (2) (TH Atkinson-2024, unpublished)]
48->	Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Potrerillo de Guenda; 12/X/2007; Cline, A.; Wappes, J.; trap: light mercury vapor + UV	[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
49->	Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Potrerillo de Guenda; 10/XI/2006; Dozier, B.K.; trap: light ultraviolet	[FSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2024, unpublished)]
50->	Brazil, unknown, Brazil (country)	[unknown (0) (Bright, D.E.; Skidmore, R.S. 1997: 85)]
51->	Perú, Loreto, Quistococha; 5/II/1984; Huggert, L.	[ZMLU (1) (TH Atkinson-2017, unpublished)]
52->	Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Arima, Simla Biol. Sta.; 15/XI/2000; Hernández, R.I.; Woodruff, R.E.; trap: light ultraviolet	[FSCA (1) (DE Bright-2010, unpublished)]
53->	Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, St. Augustine; 29/X/2000; Woodruff, R.E.; trap: light ultraviolet	[FSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2024, unpublished)]
54->	Venezuela, Zulia, El Pino, 5 km W; 20/X/1969; Wood, S.L.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.	[USNM (47: paratype(s)) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 457) (Wood, S.L. 2007: 244)]