Ips confusus (LeConte 1876)  


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SYNONYMY


Taxonomic Comments.   Much older literature (pre 1970) actually refers to paraconfusus Lanier, described in that year. Wood (1982) and Wood & Bright (1992) apparently cite the species from West Texas. While I have not personally examined them, these would appear to be the same specimens referred to I. hoppingi by Lanier (1975). Lanier's treatment is followed here.


  • Ips confusus (LeConte 1876) Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 15: 364
  • Tomicus confusus LeConte 1876. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 15: 364

DISTRIBUTION.

Numbers in parentheses after each geographic unit are the number of distinct collection events in the database for that unit. For exotic species generally only countries are listed for localities outside the New World. For further information on published sources of distribution, check the REFERENCES section.


Distribution Comments.   California, Great Basin, southern Rocky Mountains. As treated by Lanier (1970), this species is restricted to piñons in the southwestern US, P. monophylla and P. edulis. In contrast, piñon Ips in southeastern Arizona, western Texas, and Mexico in P. cembroides were treated as Ips hoppingi. Wood (1982: 703) did not follow Lanier's distinctions consistently. His cited locality in Chihuahua may or may not correspond to a collection of hoppingi.


  • North America (98)
    (1): no state / prov. data (1); México (2): Baja California (1), Chihuahua (1); United States (95): Arizona (20), California (22), Colorado (14), Idaho (2), Nevada (8), New Mexico (16), Oklahoma (1), Utah (11), Wyoming (1);


HOSTS

Numbers in parentheses after each host family, genus, or collection method are the number of distinct collection events in the database for that host or method.


  • No host information (57);
  • Pinaceae (33): Picea (1): pungens (1); Pinus (32): cembrodides (1), eduis (1), edulis (12), flexilis (1), halapensis (1), monophylla (15), sp. (1);
  • trap (8) (5): alpha pinene + ethanol (5); Lindgren Funnel (3): alpha pinene + ethanol (1), exotic ips lure (2);


REFERENCES

The following are important recent monographs, catalogs, and supplements to catalogs that refer to this species. The specific page on which the reference is made is shown in pink at the end of the reference. In the case of Wood (1982) and Wood & Bright (1992) clicking on the reference page will link to a digital version of the work in question.


  • Wood, S.L. 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 6:1-1356. [703]. (data capture complete)
  • Wood, S.L., Bright,D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2. Taxonomic Index. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 13:1-1553 (vol. A, B). [500]

The following are references from which host and distribution data have been input into the database. If one of the above monographs or catalogs also appears in this list, it means that most relevant collection event data have been included.


  1. Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973. The bark and ambrosia beetles of California. Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae. Bull. Calif. Insect Surv. 16: 1-169.
  2. Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003. Genetic Structure Among Pinyon Pine Beetle Populations (Scolytinae: Ips confusus). Environ. Entomol. 32 (5): 1262-1270.
  3. Cognato, A.I.; Rogers, S.O.; Teale, S.A. 1995. Species diagnosis and phylogeny of the Ips grandicollis group (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 88 (4): 397-405.
  4. Cognato, A.I.; Sperling, F.A.H. 2000. Phylogeny of Ips DeGeer species (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA sequence. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 14 (3): 445-460.
  5. EDRR 2011. USFS Early Detection Rapid Response Database. http://www.fs.fed.us/invasivespecies/earlydetection.shtml/.
  6. EDRR 2014. USFS Early Detection Rapid Response Database. http://www.fs.fed.us/invasivespecies/earlydetection.shtml/.
  7. Furniss, M.M., Johnson, J.B. 1987. List of Idaho Scolytidae (Coleoptera) and notes on new records. Great Basin Nat. 47: 757-762.
  8. University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016. SCAN: Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network. http://symbiota4.acis.ufl.edu/scan/portal/collections/misc/collprofiles.php?collid=11.
  9. Wood, S.L. 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Nat. Mem. 6: 1-1356.

Show Map   Distribution Map Go to images  Go to information summary  Go to table of records   


Maps automatically open at the center of the plotted points and the scale is set to encompass all map points. Maps can be resized (scale bar at upper left) and the center moved (place cursor over map and drag) to see other parts of the distribution of the species. Clicking on a map marker will pull up collection event data and a literature citation if present. If any errors are found, please refer to the "series code" which is a unique identifier for a database record in any communications). Coordinates have not been entered for all collection records. Localities outside the New World are not plotted, even though they are listed in the distribution summary and in the table of records.



Show Table   Collection Records Go to images  Go to information summary  Go to distribution map   


No.Collection dataPublication
North America
1-> , no state / prov. data; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[unknown (0) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
2-> México, Baja California, Tecate[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
3-> México, Chihuahua, Mesa del Huracán[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
4-> United States, Arizona, Alt. US 89, 0.6 mi w mp 589; 28/II/2009; Warner, W.B.; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[WBWC (6) (TH Atkinson-2013, unpublished)] [UTIC (4) (TH Atkinson-2013, unpublished)]
5-> United States, Arizona, Carrizo[UAIC (1) (University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016: 0)]
6-> United States, Arizona, Chiricahua Mtns.[unknown (1)
7-> United States, Arizona, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Picea pungens[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
8-> United States, Arizona, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
9-> United States, Arizona, Flagstaff[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
10-> United States, Arizona, Ganado; 15/V/1952; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[UAIC (3) (University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016: 0)]
11-> United States, Arizona, Grand Canyon[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
12-> United States, Arizona, Kitt Peak; 14/II/2016; Atkinson, T.H.; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[UTIC (8) (TH Atkinson-2016, unpublished)] [TAMU (4) (TH Atkinson-2016, unpublished)]
13-> United States, Arizona, Point of Pines, 11 mi. NE, San Carlos Indian Reservation; 26/V/1993; Seybold, S.; Cogato, A.I.; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[EMEC (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Sperling, F.A.H. 2000: 457)] [TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)] [unknown (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Rogers, S.O.; Teale, S.A. 1995: 398)]
14-> United States, Arizona, Prescott[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
15-> United States, Arizona, Prescott; 9/VI/1961; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[UAIC (1) (University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016: 0)]
16-> United States, Arizona, Prescott; 9/VI/1961; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[UAIC (13) (University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016: 0)]
17-> United States, Arizona, Seligman[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
18-> United States, Arizona, Sweetwater[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
19-> United States, Arizona, Tucson[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
20-> United States, Arizona, Tucson; XI/1988; Pinaceae: Pinus halapensis[UAIC (9) (University of Arizona Insect Collection 2016: 0)]
21-> United States, Arizona, Walnut Canyon[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
22-> United States, Arizona, Williams[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
23-> United States, Arizona, Window Rock[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
24-> United States, California, Anderson; 23/VIII/2013; Owen, D.; trap: Lindgren Funnel exotic ips lure[unknown (1) (EDRR 2014: 0)]
25-> United States, California, Backus[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
26-> United States, California, Chuchupate R.S., Los Padres NF[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
27-> United States, California, Coleville[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
28-> United States, California, Coleville; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.[CAS (1) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
29-> United States, California, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
30-> United States, California, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
31-> United States, California, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
32-> United States, California, Frazier Park; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
33-> United States, California, Gorman; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
34-> United States, California, Groveland; 18/V/2012; Bulaon, B.; trap: Lindgren Funnel alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (1) (EDRR 2014: 0)]
35-> United States, California, Joshua Tree N.P.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[PSFR (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
36-> United States, California, Mono Co.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[CAS (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
37-> United States, California, Mt. Pinos; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[PSFR (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
38-> United States, California, Pinyon Flat; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
39-> United States, California, Redding; 20/VI/2011; Snyder, C.; trap alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (1) (EDRR 2011: 0)]
40-> United States, California, San Luis Obispo; 21/VI/2013; Camilli, K.; trap: Lindgren Funnel exotic ips lure[unknown (1) (EDRR 2014: 0)]
41-> United States, California, Southern Californa[MCZ (1: lectotype, female) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
42-> United States, California, Summerville[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
43-> United States, California, Valyermo; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
44-> United States, California, Westgard Pass, 1.7 mi E; 24/VI/1999; Gilbert, A.J.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[CSCA (1) (TH Atkinson-2014, unpublished)]
45-> United States, California, Wrightwood; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703) (Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W. 1973: 91)]
46-> United States, Colorado, Cañon City[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
47-> United States, Colorado, Colorado Natl. Monument[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
48-> United States, Colorado, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
49-> United States, Colorado, Cortez[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
50-> United States, Colorado, Crestone[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
51-> United States, Colorado, Ft. Garland[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
52-> United States, Colorado, Grand Junction[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
53-> United States, Colorado, Mancos[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
54-> United States, Colorado, Manitou[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
55-> United States, Colorado, Mesa Verde N.P.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
56-> United States, Colorado, Norwood[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
57-> United States, Colorado, San Isabel N.F.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
58-> United States, Colorado, Turkey Ck.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
59-> United States, Colorado, Uncompahgre N.F.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
60-> United States, Idaho, City of Rocks; 14/VI/1968; Barr, W.F.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[WFBM (2) (Furniss, M.M., Johnson, J.B. 1987: 377)]
61-> United States, Idaho, City of Rocks; 25/VII/1984; Furniss, M.M.; Johnson, J.B.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[WFBM (4) (Furniss, M.M., Johnson, J.B. 1987: 377)]
62-> United States, Nevada, Austin[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
63-> United States, Nevada, Baker[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
64-> United States, Nevada, Carson City; 28/IV/2009; Durham, G.; trap alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (1) (EDRR 2011: 0)]
65-> United States, Nevada, Charleston[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
66-> United States, Nevada, Gardenerville; II/1994; Seybold, S.; Pinaceae: Pinus monophylla[EMEC (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Sperling, F.A.H. 2000: 457)] [unknown (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Rogers, S.O.; Teale, S.A. 1995: 398)]
67-> United States, Nevada, Peq[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
68-> United States, Nevada, Summit Village[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
69-> United States, Nevada, Toiyabe Natl For, 1 mi SE Bob Scott Camp[Unknown () (-, unpublished)]
70-> United States, New Mexico, Capitan[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
71-> United States, New Mexico, Cloudcroft[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
72-> United States, New Mexico, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
73-> United States, New Mexico, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
74-> United States, New Mexico, coordinates only; Pinaceae: Pinus edulis[TAMU (1) (Cognato, A.I.; Harlin, A.D.; Fisher, M.L. 2003: 1264)]
75-> United States, New Mexico, Corona[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
76-> United States, New Mexico, Datil[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
77-> United States, New Mexico, Grants[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
78-> United States, New Mexico, Kingston[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
79-> United States, New Mexico, Lake Roberts[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
80-> United States, New Mexico, Lincoln N.F.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
81-> United States, New Mexico, Los Alamos[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
82-> United States, New Mexico, Magdalena[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
83-> United States, New Mexico, Ruidoso[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
84-> United States, New Mexico, Santa Fe[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
85-> United States, New Mexico, Santa Fe; 20/VIII/1957; Chavez, J.; Pinaceae: Pinus eduis[NMSU (2) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
86-> United States, Oklahoma, Wheeless, 7.7. airmiles NW; 9/V/2021; Atkinson, T.H.; Pinaceae: Pinus cembrodides[UTIC (21) (TH Atkinson-2021, unpublished)]
87-> United States, Utah, Brigham City; 9/IV/2007; Burfitt; trap alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (19) (EDRR 2011: 0)]
88-> United States, Utah, Daves Hollow[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
89-> United States, Utah, Farr West; 12/III/2007; Burfitt; trap alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (2) (EDRR 2011: 0)]
90-> United States, Utah, Gooseberry, Fishlake N.F.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
91-> United States, Utah, La Sal Mtns.[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
92-> United States, Utah, Lofgreen[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
93-> United States, Utah, Mercur[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
94-> United States, Utah, Mount Carmel[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
95-> United States, Utah, Panguitch[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
96-> United States, Utah, Parowan Canyon[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]
97-> United States, Utah, Salt Lake City; 13/III/2007; Burfitt; trap alpha pinene + ethanol[unknown (3) (EDRR 2011: 0)]
98-> United States, Wyoming, Atlantic City; Pinaceae: Pinus flexilis[unknown (1) (Wood, S.L. 1982: 703)]

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